Hacking – Page 13

DirecTV Genie DVR May Have A Major Vulnerability

January 3, 2018 by Joseph Martin

If you have a Genie DVR system, you should be aware of a major security flaw in the firmware that could allow a hacker to take complete control over the device.

At issue is the equipment offered by AT&T as part of their free DireTV WVB Kit. Researchers of the ZDI initiative and Trend Micro discovered a zero-day vulnerability in one of the core components of the system, Linksys WVBR0-25, which is a Linux-powered wireless video bridge. It is this bridge that allows customers to connect up to eight Genie client boxes connected to television sets in customers’ homes.

Trend Micro researcher Ricky Lawshae took a deep dive into the firmware and was able to get the Linksys WVBR0-25 to divulge a wealth of information from the device’s web server, without requiring any sort of authentication whatsoever. There wasn’t even a login screen, just a wall of easy-to-access text, which included:

Customer WPS PIN

Connected clients

Processes currently running

And more. Lawshae had this to say after completing his investigation:

“It literally took 30 seconds of looking at this device to find and verify an unauthenticated, remote root command injection vulnerability. It was at this point I became pretty frustrated.

The vendors involved here should have some form of secure development to prevent bugs like this from shipping. More than that, we as security practitioners have failed to affect the changes needed in the industry to prevent simple yet impactful bugs from reaching unsuspecting consumers.”

It gets worse, though. When the ZDI Initiative reported this security flaw to the manufacturer, rather than issuing a patch to correct it, they simply ceased all communication. After more than six months of trying, and getting nowhere, ZDI decided to publicize the vulnerability in the hopes that doing so would finally prompt the company to take action.

Until they do, about your only option (aside from simply canceling your service) is to limit the number of devices that can interact with Linksys WVBR0-25 so as to limit your exposure.

Joseph Martin

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Data On 123 Million US Households Leaked Online

December 31, 2017 by Joseph Martin

Security researchers at UpGuard recently made a terrifying discovery in finding an unprotected Amazon S3 server containing several databases belonging to a data analytics provider called Alteryx.

While the server contained a variety of databases, the two that are of biggest concern belonged to Alteryx’s business partners, Experian and the US Census Bureau.

Of these, far and away the most damaging database was the one belonging to Experian. As a credit reporting agency, Experian has access to just about everything that relates to your personal finances. In addition to your address, they’ve got details on how many credit cards you have, what your average balances on each one are, what your credit limit is, the state of your mortgage and more. All of that information was sitting on a completely unprotected server that literally anyone could access.

The scope and scale of the database are almost beyond comprehension, containing more than 3.5 billion financial details of more than 123 US households. That’s almost every household in the country.

It’s not much of a silver lining, but the database did not contain any names. Having said that, since address information was present, linking an address with the name of the current occupant is a trivial task for any hacker.

At this point, it’s unclear if anyone other than the UpGuard researchers downloaded the databases, but ultimately, it doesn’t matter. The simple fact that so much information on so many American households was left unguarded means that virtually every person in the country is now at risk of identity theft.

At the root, this is a problem of standards. Contractors like Alteryx simply do not adhere to the same security standards as the company or agency charged with the responsibility of safeguarding the data in the first place (Experian and the US Census Bureau, in this case). Given that, it was only a matter of time before a mishap of this scale occurred.

At this point, there’s really nothing you can do but be mindful that your personal information may have been compromised, and stay vigilant.

Joseph Martin

Popular Android Keyboard App Collected Private Information, Has Been Breached

December 29, 2017 by Joseph Martin

How many apps do you have on your smartphone? Do you know how much data they’re collecting about you?

Most people have scores of apps installed (and often hundreds), even if they only use a few on a regular basis, and shockingly, most users have no idea just how much information those apps are collecting about them.

However much you imagine, the answer is probably “more.”

This point was driven home painfully, courtesy of a recent discovery by a team of researchers at the Kromtech Security Center. They found a completely insecure database online, a staggering 577GB in size, owned by an Israeli-based startup called AI.type, makers of a virtual keyboard app bearing the same name.

The information it contained is simply mind-boggling.

Not only does it contain personal information on 31 million of the app’s 40 million users, but the database contents reveal just how intrusive AI.type actually is. The data includes:

Each user’s full name, email address and phone number

What OS version the user is using (AI.type is only available to Android users)

Each user’s nation of residence, mobile network name and what languages each user has enabled

IP and GPS location data

All information included with each user’s social media profiles, including birthdays, photos, posts, etc.

Each user’s device name, the make, and model of their smartphone and screen resolution

As If that wasn’t enough, the research team also discovered that each user’s contact list had been scraped (including names, email addresses, and phone numbers), and that the company was tracking a whole range of internet behaviors, including Google search queries, number of messages sent per day, the average length of those messages and more.

Obviously, there’s no reason that a simple keyboard app needs this level of information on its users. The only possible explanation is that it’s being collected for resale. If you use the app, be aware that the company knows almost everything about you and everyone you’ve been in contact with on your phone, and now, so do a lot of other people who don’t have your best interests at heart.

Joseph Martin

Large Number Of HP Models May Have Keyloggers

December 28, 2017 by Joseph Martin

HP is in the news again. If you missed the initial story, earlier in the year, it was reported that an audio driver that came pre-installed on a number of HP laptops contained keylogging code that stored every keystroke made by the person using the machine to a human-readable file. Once discovered, HP issued a patch that removed the keylogging function and deleted the data file.

Now, an independent security researcher going by the name “ZwClose” has discovered more built-in keyloggers in 460 HP Notebook models and counting.

At issue is the SynTP.sys file, which is an integral part of the Synaptics Touchpad driver that ships with a great many HP Notebooks. Although the keylogger is disabled by default, a hacker could enable it using open source tools, simply by changing a registry value.

After HP was notified, the company released a security advisory, which included the following:

“A potential security vulnerability has been identified with certain versions of Synaptics touchpad drivers that impact all Synaptics OEM partners. A party would need administrative privileges in order to take advantage of the vulnerability. Neither Synaptics nor HP has access to customer data as a result of this issue.”

Since the release of the security advisory, HP has issued a driver update that removes the code for all affected models, so from a business and security standpoint, there’s nothing to be done here.

In an era where privacy on the internet is under increasingly intense assault, however, it’s worth noting that this is the second time an issue like this has been tied to HP equipment, and that’s concerning. Privacy matters, and if you’re concerned about it, then two such issues might be enough to make you start looking at some other vendor when it comes time to start replacing or upgrading your equipment.

Joseph Martin

Files Containing Nearly 1.5 Billion Passwords Leaked On The Internet

December 26, 2017 by Joseph Martin

Researchers from the security firm 4iQ have made a disturbing discovery on the dark web. A massive repository has been discovered that contains a staggering 1.4 billion usernames and passwords in plain text.

The repository is well organized, with each letter of the alphabet having its own directory to facilitate rapid search, and 4iQ has tested a subset of the data it contains and found an alarming percentage of the usernames and passwords to be viable.

It should be noted that this data isn’t from a new, previously unknown breach, but rather, an aggregation of data stolen from 252 previous breaches. The CTO of 4iQ, Julio Casal, had this to say about the discovery:

“None of the passwords are encrypted, and what’s scary is that we’ve tested a subset of these passwords and most of them have been verified to be true. The breach is almost two times larger than the previous largest credential exposure, the Exploit.in combo lists that exposed 797 million records. This new breach adds 385 million new credential pairs, 318 million unique users, and 147 million passwords pertaining to those previous dumps.”

The usernames and passwords come from a wide range of sources including Runescape, Minecraft, RedBox, Badoo, Zoosh, Last.FM, YouPorn, Netflix, MySpace, LinkedIn, Pastebin, Bitcoin and many others.

What’s even worse is that as large as this collection is, it’s really just the tip of the spear. A shocking percentage of users have the bad habit of using the same credentials across multiple web properties, so it’s a statistical certainty that many of the passwords contained in this file will allow hackers access to much more than just the web properties the passwords were stolen from.

If you’re not yet in the habit of changing your passwords on a regular basis, you should begin doing so immediately, and if you’re one of the hundreds of millions of people who use the same password on multiple sites, it’s well past time to break that habit.

Joseph Martin

New “MailSploit” Allows Email Spoofing

December 24, 2017 by Joseph Martin

Phishing attacks just got a whole lot easier.

A German security researcher named Sabri Haddouche has recently discovered a set of email vulnerabilities that have been collectively dubbed “Mailsploit.” At the root, these vulnerabilities stem from the way most email systems interpret addresses encoded with a 1992 standard called RFC-1342.

The standard is that all information in an email header must be an ASCII character. If a non-ASCII character is encountered, it gets converted. Unfortunately, a shockingly large number of email clients (33 and counting) make no effort to check the header afterward for malicious code.

Also, if the RFC-1342 decoded header encountered a null-byte, or two or more email addresses, the only address that would be read would be the one that preceded the null-byte, or the first valid email address encountered.

The email clients vulnerable to this type of attack include:

Apple Mail

Mail for Windows 10

Microsoft Outlook 2016

Mozilla Thunderbird

Yahoo! Mail

AOL Mail

And many others, but Haddouche notes that Gmail is unaffected by the exploit.

There are two ways a hacker can use Mailsploit. First and most obvious to the eye is the fact that it can be used to spoof an email address, making it appear to be from someone you know, which, of course, has the impact of making it much more likely that you’ll click on any links embedded in the body of the message.

Secondly, and potentially even more troubling, is the fact that the exploit can be used to inject malicious code directly onto the recipient’s machine, which can easily give the hacker sending the email full control of the target’s system.

Worst of all, though, is the fact that while Haddouche contacted all of the companies found to offer vulnerable email clients, only eight of them have released a patch to correct the issue. Twelve vendors opted to triage the bug, but gave no information on if or when the issue might be patched, and twelve others made no reply at all.

Mozilla and Opera (both vulnerable) flatly refused to address the problem, which they see as a server-side issue.

Your IT staff’s job just got a whole lot harder.

Joseph Martin

Some Websites Can Force Your Computer To Mine Cryptocurrency

December 23, 2017 by Joseph Martin

Researchers at Malwarebytes have discovered a new exploit that allows malicious website owners to use your PC to mine various forms of cryptocurrency, even if you exit the browser window the malicious site was displayed on.

The exploit relies on a smart pop-under trick. A code on the website determines your monitor’s resolution and places a ghost browser session sitting behind the clock on the MS Windows task bar, where it continues to mine cryptocurrency, utilizing a portion of your CPU’s power and resources.

The impact on your system’s performance is nominal, so only the most observant users will notice anything amiss.

According to Malwarebytes researcher Jerome Segura, “This type of pop-under is designed to bypass adblockers and is a lot harder to identify because of how cleverly it hides itself. Closing the browser using the “X” is no longer sufficient. The more technical users will want to run Task Manager to ensure there is no remnant running browser processes and terminate them. Alternatively, the taskbar will show the browser’s icon with slight highlighting, indicating that it is still running.”

It’s worth noting that there are a couple of other ways you can determine whether some portion of your system’s resources are being coopted in this manner. Restarting your system will certainly do the trick, and if you have your taskbar set to transparent, you’ll be able to see the pop-under quite clearly. Also, resizing or relocating the task bar will reveal the hidden browser window.

This is but the latest chapter in the ongoing battle between hackers and unscrupulous website owners and the makers of adblocking and other types of security software. In time, ad blocking software will be modified to catch this type of exploit, and in response, the owners of malicious websites will change their approach and find a new way to get around various detection schemes. As ever, while software can certainly help, vigilance remains the best defense.

Joseph Martin

Ransomware Attackers Are Increasing Their Attacks On Businesses

December 21, 2017 by Joseph Martin

The ransomware ecosystem is maturing. Strains are divided into “families” and the number of new families that have been discovered in 2017 is half what it was in 2016. Even so, the total number of attacks targeting businesses have risen by 26 percent over last year’s totals, according to the latest statistics released by Kaspersky Lab.

Rather than inventing wholly new software strains, hackers around the world seem content to modify existing strains, with the number of modifications growing from 54,000 to an astonishing 96,000 this year.

The modifications are having impacts that extend far beyond simply allowing them to slip past a company’s defenses. Last year, 29 percent of companies impacted by a ransomware attack claimed that the incident took a week or longer to recover from. This year, that percentage rose to 34 percent.

According to one of Kaspersky’s senior malware analysts, Fedor Sinitsyn, “The headline attacks of 2017 are an extreme example of growing criminal interest in a corporate target. We spotted this trend in 2016, it has accelerated throughout 2017 and shows no signs of slowing down.

Business victims are remarkably vulnerable, can be charged a higher ransom than individuals and are often willing to pay up in order to keep the business operational. New business-focused infection vectors, such as through remote desktop systems, are not surprisingly on the rise.”

In addition to the total number of such attacks increasing, we’ve seen several large-scale attacks this year, and there’s no reason to believe that we won’t see more of that in the months and years ahead.

This represents a fundamental shift in strategy as compared to years past and is a clear indication that hacking groups around the world are increasingly coordinating their efforts and learning from one another. That’s bad news for IT security professionals everywhere.

Joseph Martin

Paypal-Owned Company Sees Breach Of 1.6 Million Customers

December 20, 2017 by Joseph Martin

TIO Networks, a cloud-based, multi-channel bill payment platform purchased by Paypal for $233 million in 2017, was breached earlier this year, exposing PII (Personally Identifiable Information) for an estimated 1.6 million of the service’s users.

TIO Networks primarily does payment processing and accounts receivables for cable, utility, wireless and telecom companies in North America. If you do business with TIO, it’s possible that your company or personal information may have been compromised.

So far, neither Paypal nor TIO Networks has released any significant details about the breach, so we do not yet have any indication of how it happened, who was responsible or exactly which of their customers had their information exposed. Paypal did release a brief statement concerning the incident, which said, in part:

“The PayPal platform is not impacted in any way, as the TIO systems are completely separate from the PayPal network, and PayPal’s customers’ data remains secure.”

The statement went on to say that as soon as PayPal identified the breach, they took action by “initiating an internal investigation of TIO and bringing in additional third-party cybersecurity expertise to review TIO’s bill payment platform.”

For their part, TIO Networks has suspended all operations until the investigation into the matter has been completed, and has begun notifying impacted customers. In addition to that, as is common with situations like these, they’re also working with Experian to provide a year’s worth of free credit monitoring for people who were affected.

A part of TIO’s statement about the incident reads as follows: “At this point, TIO cannot provide a timeline for restoring bill pay services, and continues to recommend that you contact your biller to identify alternative ways to pay your bills….We sincerely apologize for any inconvenience caused to you by the disruption of TIO’s service.”

Joseph Martin

Many Consumers Would Withdraw Business From Companies If Data Breached

December 17, 2017 by Joseph Martin

You’ve probably heard the phrase “the customer is always right” a thousand times. It’s a truism in the business world, except when it isn’t. A recent survey released by Gemalto reveals a dismaying dichotomy that’s costing businesses around the world big money.

Only 27 percent of consumers surveyed feel that businesses do enough to protect customer data, and an overwhelming 70 percent of them say that they’d take their business elsewhere if a company suffered a data breach.

Unfortunately, most consumers have exceedingly poor data security habits, with 56 percent admitting to using the same password across multiple web properties and 41 percent failing to take advantage of stronger security measures like two-factor authentication, even when offered by companies.

That puts businesses, rather unfairly, in the crosshairs. They cannot make their customers take advantage of the added security offered, and given the statistics above, they are forced to have to spend even more money since most consumers won’t take significant action to protect themselves or their own data.

Jason Hart, Gemalto’s CTO, had this to say on the matter:

“In the face of upcoming data regulations such as GDPR, it’s now up to businesses to ensure they are forcing security protocols on their customers to keep data secure. It’s no longer enough to offer these solutions as an option. These protocols must be mandatory from the start – otherwise, businesses will face not only financial consequences but also potential legal action from consumers.”

Digging more deeply into the details of the survey, we find that consumers trust social media sites the least when it comes to safeguarding their data, with 58 percent of respondents citing these companies as their biggest worry in terms of data security.

Curiously, 33 percent of those surveyed say they trust banks with their personal data, in spite of the fact that banks and other financial institutions are frequent targets and have suffered a number of high profile breaches in recent years.

Regardless, no matter what industry you’re in, if you get breached, your customers are likely to punish you for it, even if you offer them means to make their data more secure.

Joseph Martin

DirecTV Genie DVR May Have A Major Vulnerability

Data On 123 Million US Households Leaked Online

Popular Android Keyboard App Collected Private Information, Has Been Breached

Large Number Of HP Models May Have Keyloggers

Files Containing Nearly 1.5 Billion Passwords Leaked On The Internet

New “MailSploit” Allows Email Spoofing

Some Websites Can Force Your Computer To Mine Cryptocurrency

Ransomware Attackers Are Increasing Their Attacks On Businesses

Paypal-Owned Company Sees Breach Of 1.6 Million Customers

Many Consumers Would Withdraw Business From Companies If Data Breached

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